![]() Department of Education.īoulineau, T., Fore, C, Hagan-Burke, S. (2001) Put reading first: The research building blocks for teaching children to read kindergarten through grade three. Seven Strategies to Teach Students Text Comprehension.Īrmbruster, B. Learn more about strengthening reading comprehension in our self-paced module Reading 101: Comprehension.Īdler, C. Encourage students to include positional words in their story map writing. Using the format of the story map, students can create their own map by taking a walk around the playground or school. This work helps students break down problems into smaller sections in order to understand what is being asked. Story maps can be used to help students solve open-ended math problems or create their own math problems. Students identify the setting, characters, the problem, and the solution in the story. This story map example demonstrates how story maps are used with an Arthur story. Find more ideas for using graphic organizers to support writing › Language Arts Students can use story maps to plan, summarize, and write their own main ideas, characters, setting, and plot for a story. Students can extend their understanding of story maps into their own writing. See cross-disciplinary story mapping chart › Writing This chart shows how the story mapping strategy can be used in language arts, history, and science. ![]() Partners can also fill out a story map together after a Paired Reading activity. Have the students complete story maps in pairs, being sure to partner a reader or writer who needs extra support with one who has more skill.Model this strategy using a book with very clear components to help students understand each component.Differentiate by providing less complex story map templates - the beginning-middle-end format is the simplest - for those working to grasp the basics of stories and other, more complex maps, with students ready to engage in more complex work.For example, in the “Beginning” box of your map, use prompts such as: Who are the main characters? Where does the story take place? You can write in these prompts before printing or making copies of a story map intended for students to fill out independently. Scaffold your instruction by providing prompts for each section on your map.Differentiated instruction For second language learners, students of varying reading skill, and younger learners ![]()
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![]() How to order our ASTM A335 P11 Seamless Pipe/ASTM A335 P11 Pipes for oil refinery ? The type of test to be used shall be at the option of the manufacturer, unless otherwise specified in the purchase order. ![]() Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test-Each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic test.Flaring Test-One flaring test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for the flattening test, from each lot.Flattening Test-One flattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of one finished tube, not the one used for the flaring test, from each lot.Subcritical Annealing or Tempering Temperature, Min or range ☏ įull or isothermal anneal normalize and temperĪSME SA335 P11 Pipes Tensile Requirements and Hardness: Mechanical properties ASME SA335 P11 Pipes Heat Treatment Requirements GradeĪustenitizing/ Solutioning Temperature, min or range ☏ *C – Carbon, Mn – Manganese, P – Phosphorous, S – Sulfur, Si – Silicon, Cr-Chromium, Mo – Molybdenum. 1.ASTM A335 P11 Pipes Chemical Composition Requirement P11 Pipe Chemical Components (%) Inspection and Test: Chemical Composition Inspection, Mechanical Properties Test(Tensile Strength,Yield Strength, Elongation, Flaring, Flattening, Bending, Hardness, Impact Test), Surface and Dimension Test,No-destructive Test, Hydrostatic Test. The different mechanical test requirements for pipes, namely, transverse or longitudinal tension test, flattening test, and hardness or bend test are presented. The range of pipe sizes that may be examined by each method shall be subjected to the limitations in the scope of the respective practices. ![]() Also, each pipe shall be examined by a non-destructive examination method in accordance to the required practices. Each length of pipe shall be subjected to the hydrostatic test. The steel material shall conform to chemical composition, tensile property, and hardness requirements. Grade P2 and P12 steel pipes shall be made by coarse-grain melting practice. The pipe shall be suitable for bending, flanging (vanstoning), and similar forming operations, and for fusion welding. Seamless Alloy Pipe Wall Thickness – Schedule 40 through XXH Length: Single Random Length, Double Random Length, 20 ft, 40 ft Ends Types: Plain, Beveled A335 Gr P11 seamless Pipe can be used as the starting material to produce A234 WP11 Pipe fittings,and match with A182 F11 flanges,and A182 F11 forged fittings.Ī335 P11 pipes are used in power generation and in downstream oil ,as well as refinery applicationĪ 335/A335M Standard Specification for Seamless Ferritic Alloy-Steel Pipe for High-Temperature Service The most commonly used P grades in the power generation industry and petro-chemical plants are P11, P22 & P91.ĪSTM A335 This specification covers seamless ferritic alloy-steel pipe for high-temperature service. P11 provides enhanced toughness, strength, hardness, and wear resistance often required in Power Plants, Space Craft, Nuclear Reactors, and Turbines.ĪSTM A335 P11 seamless pipe Specification.ġ/4” Nominal to 24”O.D. P11 as a listed material and provided the basic allowable stresses in tension at various temperatures.Ī335 P11 Pipe for High-Temperature and High-Pressure Service. The ASME B31.3 Code has designated ASTM A335 Gr. ![]() P11 seamless pipes, with nominal chemical composition of “1.25Cr-0.5Mo” or “1.25Cr-0.5Mo-Si”, can be used for ASME B31.3 process piping. They also have important additions of iron and manganese which are necessary to maintain good corrosion resistance.Ĭopper-nickel alloys have a high natural resistance to biofouling and copper-nickel sheet/plate aids the protection of marine structures from this, thereby avoiding the costly removal of fouling or the re-application of antifouling paints.ASTM A 335 P11 Pipes,Seamless Chrome Moly Pipe,ASTM A335 P11 Seamless Pipe,1.25Cr0.5Mo Pipe,1-1/4Cr1/2Mo Pipe We are a professional A335 P11 Pipe, A335 P11 Seamless steel pipe supplier and exporter in China.A335 p11 is a typical Cr-Mo alloy steel pipe for high-temperature service and oil refinery applications. The main, wrought copper-nickel alloys chosen for seawater service contain 10 or 30 percent nickel. P1, P5, P9, P11, P12, P22, P91Ģ0, 30, 40, Standard (STD), Extra Heavy (XH), 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, XXHĬopper Nickel Pipe offers excellent corrosion resistance, especially in marine saltwater environments. ![]() ![]() His long-time business manager, Steve McCreary, explains it this way: “We have a great crew that works every day to accomplish Bill’s original challenge-which was to have a production shop that builds the finest, handmade-quality instruments. And to this day, I just love that part of it.”Ĭollings’ quest gradually became about more than just making guitars one-by-one on his own. ![]() So working on a motorcycle or a car, building a guitar, whatever it might be, that’s more my thing. “I liked the science part of that,” says Collings in a recent interview, “but I like the science of manufacturing or making things more. Naturally, his parents thought he should continue with school and become a doctor. He was working in a machine shop when the bright idea of making guitars came up. Taking what those who now work with him call an “Energizer Bunny-like” drive to create, Collings built his first guitar in 1974 after leaving medical school and taking some time off to figure out what he wanted to do with his life. ![]() That’s why players as diverse as Brian May, David Crosby, Alejandro Escovedo, Robbie McIntosh (John Mayer, Paul McCartney, Tears for Fears), Rodney Crowell, and Brad Whitford are big fans. Bill Collings is a man with a peculiar genius for making things-and for making things work. ![]() One of the pivotal figures of this era is the enigmatic founder of Collings Guitars in Austin, Texas. Boutique builders and small shops are popping up all over the place, and they’re fashioning amazing guitars with great looks and fantastic tones. We live in the Golden Age of the acoustic guitar. Collings SoCo Deluxe Custom with a flamed maple top, Brazilian rosewood fretboard with “broken glass” inlays, and a Bigsby B7 vibrato. ![]() ![]() Your copay applies even when you have not attained your deductible yet. Different copays usually apply to urgent care, specialist visits, office visits, prescriptions, and emergency room visits. Copays usually begin at $10 and go up from there, varying on the kind of care you get. What Are Copays?Ĭopays (or copayments) are specific amounts you pay to your medical insurer when you get services. If you own a high-deductible medical plan, you might be qualified to set aside cash in a tax-advantaged Health Savings Account. ![]() If you have any family on your policy, you’ll have a different (higher) amount for the family and an individual deductible. For instance, if you have a $3,000 deductible, you have to pay $3,000 before your insurance starts fully. A deductible – is the set amount you pay for health care services and prescriptions before your coinsurance begins.Ī deductible is a set amount you pay annually for your healthcare before your plan begins to share insured services’ expenses.Coinsurance – is the percentage of expenses you pay after you’ve attained your deductible.A copay is a set rate you pay for doctor visits, prescriptions, and other care forms.These and other out-of-pocket expenses affect how much you’ll pay for the healthcare your family and you get. No matter which kind of health coverage policy you have, it’s essential to know the difference between coinsurance and copay. Copays: What’s the Difference?Ĭoinsurance vs. For example, Tom’s insurance plan requires him to pay $10 for his routine exam each year. Thus, Tom would have to pay $20 for his exam.Ĭopayments are set amounts to be paid by the patient for a specific type of service. Tom may have a coinsurance of 20% of that cost. For example, the routine eye exam cost $100 at his eye doctor. What is the difference between coinsurance and copayment?Ĭoinsurance is usually a percentage of the cost of the procedure set by the insurance company. We proudly offer to bill your insurance for the services provided to you in our office. If your deductible has not been met, you will need to pay for the services at the time of your appointment. After the $1,000 has been paid by Tom, he would only be responsible for either a coinsurance or copayment. Tom is responsible for any covered service up to $1000. As an example, Tom has a deductible of $1,000. What is a medical insurance deductible?Ī deductible is the amount a patient pays for health care services before a medical insurance company begins to pay for medical services provided to the patient. ![]() If you do not know your deductible, we can certainly help you find out if your plan has a deductible and the amount of that deductible, if any. It is important to ask about your deductible each year when you enroll in your medical insurance. There are many types of plans with different deductibles. Does your insurance plan have a deductible and how much is it?Īlmost all insurance plans have a deductible that usually begins January 1st of every year. If we encounter any issues with your insurance, we can communicate those to you prior to your appointment. This will allow us to verify coverage and eligibility for the appointment. It is important to provide your insurance information when you schedule your appointment with our office. ![]() ![]() ![]() Īside from the changes in your body, prolonged and regular exposure to the sun can cause the marks to appear, and can also aggravate them. Certain medication like the ones prescribed for seizures can also cause the marks. If you need to take hormone replacement therapy after menopause, you can increase the possibility of developing melasma. Melasma can occur because of hormonal changes in your body that take place during pregnancy or if you take birth control pills. ![]() If some of your family members are prone to getting them, chances are that you could develop them also. People with Latin, Hispanic, Middle Eastern, and Asian genes that give them a darker or olive skin are more likely to develop the marks. For instance, you could develop melasma because of a genetic propensity to it. Melasma is the result of many factors, both internal and external. If you would like to get rid of these unsightly marks, you can try applying the Tri-Luma cream that contains three very special compounds that can help gradually remove them. They can appear as patches of colors like blue-gray, tan, or brown. Some people also notice melasma on the arms. You’ll likely see the marks on the chin and jawline, forehead, upper lip, and possibly upper cheeks. Melasma can occur in women between the ages of 20 to 50 years and appears mainly on the face. While this form of discoloration is not really harmful or painful, women like to take care of them for aesthetic reasons by using melasma creams. Please contact your doctor immediately if you notice any such skin reactions.Many women around the world, along with a small percentage of men, could benefit from Tri-Luma cream to help with the issue of discolorations, skin pigmentations, age spots, and other skin conditions. Occasionally Hydroquinone may cause side effects – redness of skin, sore, itchy, inflamed skin indicating an allergic reaction. It has no known effect in the treatment of acne Hydroquinone is used to bleach or lighten dark patches of skin. Discontinue use and contact your doctor immediately if you notice darkening of skin upon use of Hydroquinone This is not the normal effect of Hydroquinone. Hydroquinone may cause blue-black darkening of skin. Hydroquinone has no known effect on bleaching clothes This effect of Hydroquinone is reversible (reversible depigmentation) with time and exposure to sun and therefore not permanent It reduces the accumulation of skin pigment called melanin that causes darkening of skin. Does Hydroquinone lighten skin permanently? ![]() Hydroquinone bleaches/lightens dark patches of skin Does Hydroquinone lighten/bleach your skin? It is available as creams and meant for external use on the skin onl Hydroquinone is not toxic if used as directed, for the prescribed duration by your doctor. ![]() However, the carcinogenic effects in human are not known Studies of Hydroquinone in animals have indicated some evidences of cancer causing potential (carcinogenicity). Is Hydroquinone carcinogenic/does Hydroquinone cause cancer? No.Hydroquinone is available and is not a banned drug in India Even minimal exposure to sun can reverse the bleaching effect of Hydroquinone Please limit sun exposures and apply sunscreens or cover the treated area with protective clothing. It is available as creams to be applied externally and is safe if used as directed for the prescribed duration by your doctor. Yes.Hydroquinone is used to bleach dark patches of skin and can be used on the face. No.Hydroquinone does not have a structure or effect similar to steroids Please contact your doctor immediately if you notice any such skin reactions Occasionally it may cause side effects-red, sore, itchy, inflamed skin indicating an allergic reaction. It is available as creams to be applied externally and is safe if used as directed, for the prescribed duration by your doctor. Hydroquinone is used to bleach dark patches of skin. ![]() ![]() ![]() Account fees (e.g., monthly service, overdraft) may apply to Wells Fargo account(s) with which you use Zelle ®. Your mobile carrier's message and data rates may apply. For more information, view the Zelle ® Transfer Service Addendum to the Wells Fargo Online Access Agreement. To send or receive money with a small business, both parties must be enrolled with Zelle ® directly through their financial institution’s online or mobile banking experience. Payment requests to persons not already enrolled with Zelle ® must be sent to an email address. The Request feature within Zelle ® is only available through Wells Fargo using a smartphone. Neither Wells Fargo nor Zelle ® offers a protection program for authorized payments made with Zelle ®. For your protection, Zelle ® should only be used for sending money to friends, family, or others you trust. Its 13screen is the same size as most PDF’s intended printed size and it’s a great device. Transactions between enrolled users typically occur in minutes. The best PDF ereader is the Onyx Boox Max Lumi. The move is a bold attempt to lure users away from its floundering competitor with a. With the app, you can open PDF files directly from cloud services like Google Drive, iCloud. Meta has launched Threads, a new text-based app to rival Twitter. checking or savings account required to use Zelle ®. As the name implies, PDF Expert is an iPad pro PDF annotation app. Once it’s set to Spanish, Wells Fargo Online will appear in Spanish on Wells Fargo-supported devices, and you will start receiving eligible alerts and other communications and notices in Spanish.Įnrollment with Zelle ® through Wells Fargo Online ® or Wells Fargo Business Online ® is required. Under your first name, tap Profile, settings.As an everyday quick reader, search or skimming tool, Sumatra is better. I use an older (legal) copy of PDF XChange Viewer, mostly for extracting/deleting pages and cropping PDFs. Up for Calibre, their batch conversion tool is also very handy, and Calibre is great for longer reading sessions. For pdf I recommend Edge which offers native tools to highlight and taking notes. KyBook 3 (iOS: 14.99/year) (Image credit: Konstantin Bukeev) KyBook 3 is one of the best ebooks apps because this all-in-one e-reader supports DRM-free formats like epub, RTF, DJVU, PDF, CBR. Use the radio button to select English or Spanish, then select Save A more simple alternative could be sumatrapdf.Use the arrow to expand the Welcome drop-down in the upper right of your screen.Apk3163 Uf Reddit files to install any android app you want. Use the radio button to select English or Spanish, then tap Save Our algorithm analyzes recent top posts toOn reddit. ![]() Scroll to the Profile section and select Language Preference.Under your first name, tap Security & Profile.Open the Menu in the lower right of your screen.You’re prompted to select your language preference during enrollment in Wells Fargo Online and during the first-time experience in the Wells Fargo Mobile app.Īfter signing on to Wells Fargo Online, you can change your language preference at any time. These sites will tell you if Reddit is experiencing issues.You can set your language preference online, in person, or by calling 1-80. You can check the platform’s server status using sites like Reddit Status and Downdetector. Your app may not work if the platform’s servers are facing an outage, which rarely happens, but it does. On Twitter, Reddit, and Facebook, run the following searches (substitute your state. In this case, try to resolve the issue by rebooting your Wi-Fi router, resetting your router, or contacting your internet service provider (ISP).Īfter verifying that your internet connection is working, ensure Reddit’s servers are up. If your site doesn’t load, your internet connection is the culprit. If your site loads, your phone’s internet connection is fine. In this case, check your phone’s connection status by opening a web browser and launching a site. One reason the app doesn’t work on your phone is that your phone’s internet connection isn’t working. I'm looking for an app to read them that is easy to use. Due to kickstarters and DriveThruRPG, I have a large number of pdf copies of books. I've been playing tabletop rpgs for a long time. Thought I'd ask for recommendations here. Reddit is an internet-enabled app, meaning the app connects to the internet to retrieve data. by RogueWriter I'm looking for a good PDF reader. Turn your phone back on by pressing and holding down the Side button until the Apple logo appears. ![]() ![]() re-frame, a ClojureScript framework for UIs:.Nightlight, an embedded editor for Clojure:.Hiccup, a library for representing HTML in Clojure:.cljfmt, a tool for formatting Clojure:.Reitit, data-driven router for Clojure(Script):.Now, his party trick at meetups is to rapid fire through an extensive list of parentheses jokes. HostĮsko Lahti is an engineer who now works in the company that got him into Clojure. after programming a custom gaze tracker, virtual humans that react to facial expressions, and a chair that senses emotions. A couple decades later, Toni got his Ph.D. Toni Vanhala learned the alphabet by typing on the keyboard and copying BASIC programs his mother read aloud. C++ was too hard at the time, so he started making his own programming language. Matti Lankinen’s programming career started from the little boy’s dream of making his own games. HostĮsko Lahti is an engineer who always wanted to learn about category theory in practice – but never knew where to start. ![]() Software quality and personal productivity are two things he’s constantly improving. Check them out and apply Holvikari is endlessly fascinated by pure functional programming languages such as Haskell and PureScript. We have open positions in New York, Amsterdam, Helsinki, Lisbon, and more. ![]() We at Reaktor are looking for exceptional talent and new friends. gbforth, a Forth-based Game Boy development kit:.HostĮsko Lahti is an engineer who enjoys team work over solo work of any kind. Eventually, he decided to combine his two passions (drinking coffee and writing code) into a software development career. Tijn Kersjes discovered programming as a kid when he realised you can create games rather than just play them. David then learned Emacs and Lisp that introduced him to programming language design and implementations. Having coded in Microsoft Access and Visual Basic, he got into Linux and C around 2002. Overview of blocking and non-blocking IO: ĭavid Vázquez grew up sitting next to his father, watching him code in Clipper.A Guide to CompletableFutures in Java:.He has no horse in the Node.js vs JVM race. HostĮsko Lahti is an engineer who wants to know how things work under the hood, no matter how many threads are involved. For the past 12 years he has been working on embedded, desktop and web products, as well as the necessary backend and infrastructure technologies to make things rock. Otto Paaso also likes simple things (and static types). Check them out and apply Lahti GuestsĪndy Davies is a software developer who likes making other developers’ lives easier, usually by providing libraries, tooling, infrastructure, build systems, and ways of working. A comprehensive study about different optic types:.Open source projects and functional programming in typed programming languages are close to his heart.Įsko Lahtiis an engineer who saw the light after first encountering the partial.lenses optics library in 2017. Petri Lehtinen started programming with Basic in the mid-90s. (Editor’s note: No one has ever witnessed Esko take an easy way out of anything.) Over the last year, he worked on various cross-platform mobile applications.Įsko Lahti is an engineer who is lazy and loves to take the easy way out. ![]() For the past 15 years, he has been building products, writing code, and getting excited about everything from good software design to devops and scale.ĭirk Geurs is a technologist interested in creating high-performing software teams. Check them out and apply Fosbery is a big believer in good communication-both face-to-face, and through code. It’s brought to you by Reaktor, a strategy, design, and technology company changing how the world works. After three months of intense self-study, he scored his first tech job, and the rest is (fairly recent) history.Įsko Lahti is an engineer who still remembers the struggle of using Apache Wicket and JSP to create web applications.įork Pull Merge Push is a podcast created for developers by developers. Jussi Saurio quit his job as an English teacher in late 2016 and started teaching himself software development. He loves functional programming, electronics and generally writing stuff from scratch. Juha is the author of Harmaja, but perhaps best known in the open source community as the creator of the Bacon.js library. Juha Paananen started coding with Commodore computers in the 80s and is a proud holder of both IBM WebSphere and XML certificates. ![]() ![]() The assisted living and memory care community has been renamed CareOne at Sharon. The project will add residential cottages, townhomes, and amenities and is scheduled to be completed in 2024.ĬareOne Acquires Whitney Place At Sharon In Massachusetts Posted by Tracey Walker | J| News Projects Integral Senior Living Plans To Expand Spring Cypress Senior Living In Texas Posted by Tracey Walker | J| News Projects The mid-market independent living community is expected to be completed in spring 2025. Today, Benchmark is a leader in senior living throughout the Northeast, offering independent living, assisted living, mind and memory care, continuing care. Find company research, competitor information, contact details & financial data for Senior Benchmark Living LLC of Avon, CT. The 160,000-square-foot project includes a tropical atrium, heated indoor pool, and putting green.ĮveryAge Plans BellaAge Hickory In North Carolina Posted by Tracey Walker | J| News Projects More News Projects Melrose Assisted Living Center Opens In Indiana Posted by Tracey Walker | J| News Projects Continuing Care Retirement Communities and Assisted Living Facilities for the Elderly Nursing and Residential Care Facilities Health Care and Social Assistance. The addition will be Benchmark’s third senior living community in New York. Tag: Benchmark Senior Living Benchmark Senior Living creates COVID-19 advisory council Offering emotional support a benchmark for care at Benchmark Senior. The project team includes developer and investor Shelbourne Healthcare Development Group LLC (Wayne, Pa). We are thought leaders creating quality experiences and inspiring personal. The community will offer 74 assisted living units and 26 memory care units and is expected to be open in spring 2024. Want to make your mark At Benchmark, we impact lives through human connection. ![]() ![]() We believe in offering our employees competitive pay.Operator Benchmark Senior Living (Waltham, Mass.) is planning to build a new community, Benchmark at Mount Pleasant, in Mount Pleasant, N.Y., according to the website. They also will be exposed to extreme heat and cold temperatures. This is primarily a standing position where an employee may be required to stand in one place for extended periods of time.Must possess leadership ability and willingness to work harmoniously with and supervise professional and non-professional personnel.Must have knowledge of dietary procedures, was well as related laws, regulations, and guidelines pertaining to food service operations.Must be able to follow written and oral instructions. ![]() Must be able to work effectively with residents and personnel.Must be able to interact effectively with residents and staff.Prepares and serves nutritious meal and ensures high quality presentation and flavorful meals for our residents.Represents the community with a positive attitude and pride when interacting with potential residents and families.Assists in establishing food production line to assure meals are prepared on time.Organizes walk-in freezer, storeroom, kitchen tables, and counters.Equipment may include: meat slicer, food processor, mixers, ovens, grills, steamers, dishwasher, dumb waiter, warmer cabinets. Across all of our communities, we meet individuals where they are and connect. Must be able to operate all kitchen equipment safely and effectively. Benchmark Senior Living 299 subscribers 198 videos At Benchmark, we transform lives through human connection. Benchmark Assisted Living offers comprehensive retirement living options, including independent living, assisted living, memory care, and skilled nursing care, as well as respite care and short.Assures all dietary procedures are followed.Performs administrative duties such as completing forms, reports, etc. ![]() Mcknight Street Investments Ii Llc is listed as a. Reviews menus prior to preparation of food The developments include a mix of affordable family, senior, special needs and mixed income housing.The Food Services Director will direct these duties to ensure that quality food service is provided at all times. The Cook prepares food in accordance with current applicable federal, state, and local standards, guidelines, and regulations with established Benchmark policies and procedures. Post-Acute and Long-Term CareSkilled nursing facilities, continuing care retirement communities and life plan communities, assisted living facilities. We offer competitive pay as well as great benefits. FULL TIME ASSISTED LIVING COOK OPPORTUNITY!īenchmark at Ashland Farm is currently seeking a FULL TIME COOK. ![]() ![]() ![]() Your monsters will look scary, but always taste delicious! Finally, you should know that if you order more than 50 € on our website, you do not have to pay shipping costs! We prepare your order ourselves and send it quickly. For an extra realistic effect, you can color your cookies with our food dyes: black, orange, green, purple. With a little imagination, you can make a lot of sweet or savory cookies for your Halloween buffet. If you enjoy Halloween as much as we do, check out our 12-piece Halloween cookie cutter set that will help you prepare the world of Halloween in your kitchen! All of our cookie cutters are very easy to use and are suitable for all types of dough: cookie dough, shortbread, marzipan, sugar paste and even salt dough! For example, you can buy our 6-piece Halloween cookie cutter set that includes the pumpkin, witch, witch hat, cat, bat and ghost, for a low price. We have all kinds of Halloween-themed cookie cutters that will surely please your children. ![]() We offer both a cookie cutter set at the best price and individual pieces. Buy and use our stainless steel and tinplate cookie cutters (so you avoid plastic) to bring your Alsatian cookies, cakes, shortbread and bredele to life. High-quality Halloween spooky graveyard cookie cutter set 6 pc - includes a tombstone 3.5 in, coffin 4.75 in, skull 3.25 in, candy corn 4 in, dog bone 3.25 in, skeleton 3.5 in, and a special cut-out sugar cookie recipe card. Do you want to make your Halloween recipes really incredible? Give a shot to your creativity with our original cookie cutters. ![]() ![]() ![]() Yet no protein emission spectroscopy techniques are known to be applied to detecting the spectra of protein intrinsic radiation. In protein studies, IR spectroscopy is predominantly used as part of absorption spectroscopy techniques (i.e., for measuring absorption spectra). These days, IR spectroscopy has steadily been among methods for studying protein structures at the different levels of their organization. In the mid-twentieth century, first studies appeared that demonstrated the large potential of infrared (IR) spectroscopy for protein research. Being applicable to the study of protein solutions in low concentrations, the proposed approach is not only interesting from the point of view of fundamental science but also can have applied significance in biological and medical research. There is also potential for extending the available frequency range into the far infrared and terahertz ranges. At the same time, in the fingerprint region from 500 to 1,600 cm −1 (the most informative part of the infrared spectrum), the highest sensitivity of the method is demonstrated. At the sample temperature of 25°С, emission spectra can be detected in the range from 400 to 3,600 cm −1, which covers almost the entire frequency range of existing stretching and bending vibrations of molecules. Another significant advantage of the method described in the article is its noninvasiveness. It has also been demonstrated that emission spectroscopy offers advantages in the signal-to-noize ratio compared to absorption spectroscopy and allows analyzing the structural characteristics of a protein, in particular, providing information about its secondary structure. The described method allows detecting spectral lines with a radiation power of about 10 −8 W or even less. Using solution of human interferon gamma as an example, it has been shown for the first time that proteins have intrinsic radiation. The intensity of radiation is determined by the population of the respective energy states, which, according to the Boltzmann distribution, depends on temperature and frequency. Radiation occurs due to spontaneous radiative transitions from excited vibrational energy states to the ground state of molecules. It is also important to select the optimal vacuum pumping depth for the spectrometer and sample thickness. In this work, the background was a black body at the boiling point of nitrogen. The necessary conditions for detecting radiation from a sample are the use of a highly sensitive cooled detector and the presence of a cold background. Radiation is detected using a vacuum Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer, and the tested sample itself is a source of radiation. This paper describes a new method for measuring the spectra of infrared radiation emitted by protein solutions in the native state without any external excitation. 2Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia.1Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Pushchino, Russia.To understand that the spectral emission lines of an element have the same frequencies as the lines of the absorption spectrum.To characterize an atom by its light spectrum and to introduce spectroscopy.To distinguish between absorption spectra and emission spectra.CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics NSRDS-NBS 68 (1980).Ĭlick on an element to select it. Source for the values of spectral lines: CDS Strasbourg University ( link) from Reader J., and Corliss Ch.H. For this reason, a gas composed of a single atom can absorb or emit a limited number of frequencies.įor a given element, the emission spectrum (upper part of the animation) has the same frequency as its absorption spectrum (bottom part). It is "quantized" (see animation line spectrum of the hydrogen atom). One of the great discoveries of quantum mechanics is that the energy of an atom can only have certain well-defined values. The spectrum obtained can be continuous or discrete ("line spectrum"). A prism (or an array) is used to break a beam of light according to its different frequencies. ![]() |
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